Minnesota winters are no joke. The snow, ice, and bitter cold may be part of what makes Shoreview beautiful, but they also pose real dangers for our pets. While we may grab a coat, boots, and gloves before stepping outside, our pets don’t always have the same protection.
During the winter months, our veterinary team at Minnesota Veterinary Hospital often sees pets suffering from hypothermia and frostbite: two serious conditions that can sneak up quickly in cold weather. Knowing the signs can help you act fast and keep your furry family members safe.
What Is Hypothermia in Pets?
Hypothermia occurs when a pet’s body temperature drops below a healthy range. This can happen quickly when pets are exposed to freezing temperatures, especially if they are wet or outside for too long. Puppies, kittens, senior pets, and animals with thin or short coats are especially at risk.
Some common causes of hypothermia in pets include:
- Spending too much time outside in freezing temperatures
- Falling into icy water or being exposed to snow or rain
- Staying in a cold garage, porch, or car for extended periods
- Walking on cold, wet ground without protection
Hypothermia affects the entire body. As a pet’s temperature drops, their body begins to slow down, and they can struggle to stay conscious or even breathe normally.
How to Spot Hypothermia in Dogs and Cats
Recognizing hypothermia early can make all the difference. If your dog or cat has been out in the cold and starts acting strangely, take it seriously.
Here are common signs of hypothermia:
- Shivering (though this may stop if the condition becomes severe)
- Lethargy or tiredness
- Pale or bluish gums
- Stumbling or lack of coordination
- Muscle stiffness
- Slow breathing or heartbeat
- Dilated pupils
- Unresponsiveness or confusion
If your pet shows any of these signs, bring them inside immediately and call our veterinary team. Hypothermia is a medical emergency, and pets often need professional warming, fluids, or oxygen support.
What Is Frostbite in Pets?
Frostbite is damage to body tissues caused by extreme cold. When the body gets too cold, it focuses on protecting vital organs by reducing blood flow to the extremities. Areas like the ears, paws, tail, and nose are especially vulnerable to frostbite because they are furthest from the heart and more exposed to the cold.
Unlike hypothermia, frostbite symptoms may take longer to appear. You might not notice the damage until hours after your pet comes indoors.
How to Spot Frostbite in Pets
Frostbite in pets often starts subtly. Look closely at your dog or cat’s extremities after any time spent outdoors, especially if it’s below freezing or windy.
Signs of frostbite include:
- Pale, gray, or bluish skin
- Cold, firm, or waxy-feeling skin
- Swelling or fluid-filled blisters
- Red, inflamed skin during warming
- Blackened or dead tissue in severe cases
- Excessive licking or biting at paws or ears
Pets may not react to frostbite at first because the tissue can go numb. But as it begins to thaw, frostbite can become painful. If you notice any of these symptoms, gently warm your pet and contact our veterinary team right away.
What to Do If You Suspect Hypothermia or Frostbite
Acting quickly can prevent lasting damage. Here’s what to do:
- Move your pet to a warm, dry place right away.
- Wrap them in a towel or blanket to help raise their body temperature gradually.
- Avoid heating pads, hot water bottles, or blow dryers. These can burn your pet’s skin or cause rapid temperature changes that lead to shock.
- Do not rub or massage areas you suspect may be frostbitten.
- Call Minnesota Veterinary Hospital at (651) 484-3331 for guidance. Even if your pet seems okay, it’s important they are checked by our veterinarian to ensure there is no internal damage.
Frostbite vs. Hypothermia: Know the Difference
Both hypothermia and frostbite are serious cold-weather conditions, but they affect pets differently. Hypothermia impacts the whole body when a pet’s core temperature drops too low. Signs include shivering, lethargy, and slowed breathing. Frostbite, on the other hand, affects specific areas like the ears, paws, tail, or nose, and may cause pale skin, swelling, pain, or discoloration.
Pets can suffer from both conditions at once, especially if they’ve been outside for an extended time or are wet. If you notice any of these signs, contact our veterinary team right away.
How to Protect Your Pet from Cold Weather Injuries
While it’s essential to know how to spot cold weather injuries, prevention is always best.
Tips to keep your pet safe in winter:
- Keep walks short in extreme cold
- Use pet-safe jackets and booties
- Dry your pet off after walks, especially paws and belly
- Avoid letting pets roam near ice or frozen water
- Provide warm bedding away from drafts
- Avoid leaving pets in cold garages, porches, or cars
You can find winter care essentials like paw balm, insulated booties, and jackets through our online pharmacy. Every product is chosen to help support your pet’s safety and comfort all winter long.
Know the Signs. Take Action. Call Us Today!
Frostbite and hypothermia may not always be obvious right away, but knowing the signs can help you act fast. Minnesota winters can be tough, but with the right knowledge and support, you can keep your pet safe through every snowstorm and cold snap.If you suspect your dog or cat may be experiencing signs of frostbite or hypothermia, don’t wait. Call Minnesota Veterinary Hospital in Shoreview at (651) 484-3331 to request an appointment. Our veterinary team is here to help protect your pet through every season.